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Under
the rules of the Kyoto Protcol, the CDM is administered by two
bodies: the Conference of Parties, serving as the Meeting of
Parties, and the CDM Executive Board.
The Conference of the Parties (COP), serving as the Meeting
of the Parties (MOP), is the supreme body of the CDM and is
constituted by those parties that have ratified the protocol.
The COP/MOP provides guidance to the executive board and elaborates
modalities and procedures with the objective of ensuring transparency,
efficiency and accountability. The COP/MOP also reviews the
regional distribution of designated operational entities to
promote equitable distribution.
The Executive Board supervises the CDM and is fully accountable
to the COP/MOP. It is responsible for accrediting operational
entities, defining modalities and procedures for the CDM, approving
new methodologies and guidelines related to baselines, monitoring
plans and project boundaries. It also maintains the CDM registry
and database.
The executive board is comprised 10 members from parties to
the Kyoto Protocol as follows:
• One member from each of the five United
Nations regional groups;
• Two other members from parties included
in Annex 1 of the protocol;
• Two other members from parties not
included in Annex 1; and
• One representative of the small island
developing states.
The other main players (other than the DNA) are:
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Project
developer |
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Develops,
owns and operates the project and is the original owner
of any CERs generated. The project developer can be private
sector, NGOs or Government and can be from the host country
or elsewhere (including an Annex 1 country). The only
requirement on 'location' is that the project itself must
be physically based in a developing country. |
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Project
investor |
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Party
from the developed (Annex 1) country wishing to purchase
CERs. Can be private sector, NGOs, Government or multilateral
funds (e.g. the World Bank). |
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Host
country |
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The
developing country in which the project occurs. |
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Operational
entities |
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Accredited
firms ("auditors") responsible for validation,
monitoring and certification. These are generally referred
to as the Designated Operational Entities (DOEs) and perform
a quality control function. |
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